A Moment in Your Life in Which You Experienced an Epiphany Essay

Some instances happen in life suddenly change the perception towards life and reality. I also experienced such an incident in my life that entirely changed my view and thinking towards US Natives. Then, I realized the difference between native and foreign and the importance of the native land. Fear, mentality, pressure and psychological impact can be seen easily on the face of foreigners like me. This incident happened when I was studying in graduation just after I finished my schooling in China. This speech describe that moment of my life that changed my vision, thinking and behaviour towards foreigners. Life is based on morals, behaviours, society’s interaction, human values, and cultural environment. The essence of life sometime is understood when some incident happens that change the way of living, attitude or behaviour. Sometime Moving from one place to another is not seemed to be as good as it is at home or native land. The main factors that made impact on me while studying in USA can be discussed as below: Cultural and Religious Difference that changed my perception The difference between cultures in China and USA created huge impact on my life and changed my perception for religious activities and reality. In China the social structure is quite formal and hierarchical and you need to abide the rules but in USAI found that the social structure is quite loose and informal and so it is uncommon to mix with societies and to know each other easily. The religious views are also open in USA but in China the views are consistent and follow the old tradition. These cultural and religious differences impacted my life and my views too much. For example, in China (At my native land) I used to go in societies and there were many people in contact with whom I spent my time but in USA I found bit complex as it was ard to socialize unless you have connection to the societies. It was feeling me like I have reached on another planet and feels bad. It created conflict in the mind to follow the USA culture and religious. The morals in the societies were higher in Chinese societies but it was too less in USA societies. In America the success of any individual in society is lauded but in China it is downplayed. These all things made me nervous and felt me like I am here in the desert of cultural and religious land. The most important thing was that in China, I found that everyone respect and is sensitive to other person but when I moved to USA, I did not get that much respect and not found people sensitive to each other, that really hurt my mind and my self-respect as in USA, the human value is none for others. Political Environment in USA The political environment in the country made impact on my life and my viewpoint towards political environment and relation between native and foreign countries changed a lot. Political and Legal rules and regulations also changed my mind for USA. The Chinese and USA relation is quite complex and multi-faceted. The people in China and USA are not enemies or nor allies which are competition in one area and partner in other areas. The political situations in the USA are quite straight forward than in China because in China the politics is in favour of foreign people but reverse in USA. It led me to face the difficulty while reaching to USA as I was undergone various securities and investigation that made me nervous a lot. I felt like I am treating badly than native people. This was like racism in USA and so I felt bad a lot and it came to my mind that I should not be here anymore. The security people in USA under the investigative laws treat foreigners badly and humiliate them too. Based on these observations it can be said that political environment is not appropriate for foreigners. Freedom of Living and expression It is a right to express the feelings and living freely but that perception changed literally once I reached to USA as none of them was listening and it was like only person on the planet. Being foreign place, it was quite difficult to express inside feelings and to live freely. The people there made a fun of my name and this was not first time there. As reported in PeopleDaily. com, FBI in USA investigated the first Mayor, John Liu in New York City, for 2013. The FBI highly humiliated and said as ‘Loser’ to Mayor, this infers that how badly the people are being treated in USA even who has participation in the USA politics. The same kind of incident happened with Jeremy Lin, the famous NBA basketball star in USA. I was already aware of these incidents but not aware as it really happens and how does it feel to me. When I faced the same thing, I felt that badly and thought it is too bad to go on any foreign land and to expect to receive great respect and welcome from foreigners. Conclusion Small things can impact the human life forever and also change the mind, thinking, behaviour and living environment. This case of racism highly changed my life entirely and my viewpoint towards USA and China. I was just thinking how other race people feel when going to foreign land and receive such kind of behaviour from the local people or from the government. This was really bad experience of my life in USA and hope that it will not be repeated again in future. Other ethnic communities must also not treat like animals but should treat politely as they are humans too. I will say that, the experience was so horrible that I thought to leave USA but slowly –slowly I made myself to bear such problems around me and to complete my graduation. I feel like now I belong to USA not China but not for each and everyone this works and number of people do suicide. Overall, my life changed a lot and I really understand now that how reality is far than the saying.

Bonehead Writing Discussion Essay

Why do you think Vetter chose such a renegade spokesperson as the voice for his ideas? The use of a renegade voice in this particular process of relating issues about the different points of consideration with regards the establishment of writing skills among individuals today actually increases the emotional notice of the entire composition that has been presented. The ideas that he wants to send to his readers actually makes a certain point of impact upon the understanding of the readers with regards the issue of strong skill that one has to put upon the writing practices he has as applied in actual situations of professional advancement in the society. Moreover, the organizations today usually measure the capability of the person with regards answering questions reasonable through writing. Organizations such as business and formal institutions actually make it certain that writing is a primary skill that needs to be comprehensively progressive among the staff that they are to employ in their system. This is the reason why the author of the speech actually used the said type of voice to serve as a wakeup call to those concerned in the matter. 2. When Vetter greets you halfway through the paper with his `Good Morning, class` move, he forces you to play the role of student. What do you think he’s up to in light of the fact that his speaker says that writing cannot be taught? Or, put differently: Do you really think Vetter believes that writing is un-teachable? Explain yourself. As Vetter makes it certain that writing skills are of utmost concern among high-standard universities today, he also wants to point out that such progressive matters considered by the said learning institutions would only be successful if the students themselves realize the importance of the matter to them as developing individuals in the field of professional works and careers. Undeniably, it is through this approach that he has been able to involve the readers directly within the issue. More over, the matter is likely considered as one of the major issues that are related with writing competencies of individuals today. Understandably, although Vetter points put that writing is teachable in a more ironical presentation, he wants to point out that such teaching could only be victoriously accepted if everyone concerned would be awakened to consider the truths and benefits about the matter.

Discussion Board 4-2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion Board 4-2 - Assignment Example Marketers of the drug continue to pass insufficient and misleading information to the potential consumers and even failing to warn that overdose of the drugs can suppress breathing and lead to death (Hart & Ksir, 2011). To achieve effectiveness, marketers of Ambien and Lunesta should sensitize consumers that high dose of short-acting drugs cannot substitute the long-acting barbiturate drugs. The general effect of the approach used in marketing Ambien and Lunesta relates to consumers perceiving the drugs as only sleep inducers (Hart & Ksir, 2011). Many distressed individuals have resorted into using the drugs especially when they cannot sleep. The marketing approach that depicts the drugs as good for causing sleep has made societies across the world overrate the benefits of the drugs. Instead of seeking to handle social issues amicably and soberly, people tend to take short-cuts through the use of Lunesta and Ambien that can quickly drive one into sleep. In addition, the marketing of Ambien and Lunesta as less likely to cause dependency has seen increased preference of the drugs among

Financial Accounting Reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Accounting Reports - Essay Example Financial accounting as a process mainly produces three types of reports: These statements are produced according to the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) either quarterly or annually. As aforementioned, these statements are meant for parties outside the firm and these include investors, regulators, creditors, and tax authorities. In different places of the world, there are different designations for the financial accounting practice such as the CPA (Certified Public Accountant) in the US, and the Chartered Accountant in the UK. Krantz (2012) gives an analysis of the importance of financial reports to investors by emphasizing on the importance of knowing what one is looking for in these reports lest one gets totally lost. A company can release a wide range of reports from quarterly to annual reports. Krantz argues that the reason why it is important for an investor to scrutinize these statements is because they are the most critical sources of information that can be gotten by an investor from a company. Reading these reports makes an investor have a grip of the proceedings of the organisation in which they have entrusted their money. Another party to which these statements are important to is the tax authorities. Since these statements declare the financial position of the organisation, they are important to tax authorities since they assist the authorities to make sure that taxes that have been paid are accurate and that the company has met its total tax liability. The process of preparation of audits is regulated by many laws and regulations which vary from country to country. The laws and regulations that affect an entity determine numerous factors one being the amount reported and the disclosed by an organization in its financial statements. There are other laws and regulations that organizations are supposed to comply with or use as the basis of setting provisions within which the firm are to carry on with their

Greek Mythology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Greek Mythology - Essay Example In the Iliad, war is portrayed as useless, violent, and dreadful. War negatively affects all those involved: the warrior, families, and communities. It only brings destructions. There are no definite victors in the Iliad. Vast portions of populations die for nothing due to some of the warriors’ conceit and sentimental choices. For instance, Achilles brings about the demise of his comrade by initially declining to participate in the war, placing the Greek army at a weak position, and afterwards wrongly encouraging his comrade Patroclus to get involved in the war. Even the preliminary root of the war, the abduction of Helen by Paris, a lady from Greece, is an impulsive, unthinking, and self-centered action. Even though the impact of war on is a main issue in Homeric epics, he did not venerate the idea of war and cruelty in his epics. Rather, he embodied the idea of warfare as a natural element of human existence, and that men are encouraged to participate in and that should not perhaps be taken for granted. Though revered war might appear throughout the three abovementioned epics, a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the epics unearths the inconsequential effect of war on warriors, families, and communities. Readers may think that war was a celebrated and adored element of society. Remarkable and brave warriors are treated like gods, and they are considered a supernatural generation of human beings. Nevertheless, in truth, all wars are staged because of personal motives, especially those related to self-indulgence and covetousness. The moral premise given to the concept of war differs greatly from one scholar to another. For instance, the Iliad views war as a requirement of human life and hence the war is a representation of human existence itself, an existence where in the greatest values are demonstrated in tragic bravery. In the other Homeric poem, the Odyssey, there is a firm and

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 156

Summary - Essay Example It was assumed that there was lack of change in ideologies among the Justices. This conventional view is a result of empirical observation and intuition. One of the main challenges is the study done on voting of justices. In civil liberties, writers reached a conclusion that the rulings of seven Justices (Burton, Burger, Harlan, Brennan, Jackson, Stewart and Marshall) remained unchanged over the period of their careers. The others however, changed in significant ways. There was a great need to resolve the debate that had come up. There was need to reconsider the appointment of justices. In trending to the left, we consider Justice Blackmun, who was among the twelve Justices. He said that when Justices go on Supreme Court their constitutional philosophies are not fully developed. Douglas and Harlan moved to the right and later changed to the left. When appointing a justice, we should ensure that we share the same ideologies with him. Supreme court justices are assumed to have strong dependent votes basing on their personal policies and values. Herman Pritchett’s The Roosevelt Court (1948) examines dissents and voting blocks of Justices. The court allows Justices to be dependent because there is no electoral accountability and the idea that the Supreme Court gives the last and final ruling. Justices are believed to be granted independent powers so that their rulings and not influenced by other parties. Their rulings hence are considered fair and just. Perceived values are not regarded as perfect ideologies of Supreme Court justices. The dependence granted to justices, therefore, renders their voting behavior unpredictable. There is a high correlation between the justices’ votes in civil society and their ideological values. Here we consider how powers are separated in courts. We shall consider the attitudinal model and the model of separation of powers. In attitudinal model, judges make rulings basing on the facts of the

Connection Between Substance Abuse and Crime Research Paper

Connection Between Substance Abuse and Crime - Research Paper Example Most importantly, however, is the fact that; when the net is cast widely, then it will trap everybody since if it is not addicted to alcohol and drug abuse, then, it is the resultant violence and crime associated with alcohol and substances abuse. Therefore, the interest in analyzing the subject of Substance Abuse, Alcohol, and Crime is derived from the fact that it is a social problem that has refused to go away for the longest time. Further, the need to study this subject emanates from the fact that it is a problem for all, and since everybody is affected by this subject, it important to engage it widely, since the existing laws and policy regulation framework does not seem to be effective in addressing the problem, creating a need to engage alternative means of addressing the problem. However, while substance abuse, alcohol, and crime is a serious menace for the nation, the specific area where the issue needs to be addressed is in the issue of alcohol and substance use by teens and young people, which results to juvenile crimes, while also affecting every aspect of their lives, such as their personal health, education, safety and security, relationships and addition (Musto, 1999). Nevertheless, the major risk is the connection that exists between alcohol or substance abuse and crime. The legal risks emanating from alcohol consumption and substance abuse by young people is high, and the chances of destroying the whole life ahead of the young people are high. The legal and policy framework in relation to the subject of substance abuse, alcohol, and crime is not favorable for deterring the access of alcohol and substances, and their consequent illegal use. The legal and regulatory framework has illegalized the possession, production, and distribution of drugs and sub stances, while the actual problem is not licensing, but the fact that such drugs and substances are available and accessible for use (NCADD, 2013).

Presenting Business Plans Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Presenting Business Plans - Research Paper Example The guitars will be relatively cheaper compared to our rivals. However, we will only sell guitars and not any other musical instruments. (Stimpson, P., & Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations. (2003) Cambridge University Press) The target market will be teenagers and adults who are interested in buying good quality guitars but cannot buy guitars from expensive brands. Also, the market would be for new guitar players who are not aware of a lot of these brands. The key aim is going to be to sell cheap guitars to people who want to learn it as the intermediate guitar players are likely to stick to companies like Gibson and Yamaha. We are going to sell all types of guitars. The types will include acoustic guitars, electric guitars, semi-electric guitars, hollow body acoustic guitars, hollow body semi-acoustic guitars and jazz guitars. Basically, we will be importing these guitars from different countries where the guitars are relatively cheaper according to our research. These countries include Thailand, Japan, Korea and Canada. The guitars will not be from a well-known brand. However, these will be from different local companies in different countries. The quality will be guaranteed on every guitar as our staff is highly trained. We are not going to have a massive number of employees. Some of my friends are good guitar players and they are capable in determining if the guitar is worth buying. It is basically a partnership firm and on the top of the hierarchy, there are going to be 3 partners including myself. The two partners will be in charge of buying the guitars from different countries. These people are highly skilled in playing guitar and they have a good idea in buying these guitars. These people will be travelling once every 6 months and are going to buy a good number of guitars. Depending on the market and the demand, these people are then going to go to buy the guitars according to the preferences from our loyal customers. Below us, there

Effects of Divorce on Children Essay Example for Free

Effects of Divorce on Children Essay Although divorce is now allowed by law in some countries, it is still unhealthy for a family especially in the presence of a child. Due to the fact that they are still young, the children often do not understand why some couples need to separate and they respond in a variety of ways that parents should understand and deal with. When the divorce is settled, the children might wonder why their father or their mother is no longer around and this might be quite hard to explain to a young mind. This produces short and long term effects on the children and even sometimes causes teenagers to rebel against their parents causing more problems than there already is. Another issue regarding children and divorce is who will have custody of the children and alimony. Usually, the mother gets custody over the children while the father still provides financial support. Depending on the situation, the custody is being granted to the father. One problem about divorce is that couples think that the matter is only between them; failing to consider what effects it would have on their children. Little do they know that the changes that will occur once the divorce takes effect will have many negative effects on children. In a case to case basis, children might feel different because of the many changes that will take place once the divorce becomes effective such as changes in schedules and daily routines as well loss of contact with members of extended family (Parker). Children may also develop a fear that losing one parent will eventually lead to the lost of the other. The loss of attachment of a child to a parent may also lead to the loss of other secure relationships such as friends, siblings, neighbors and even pets. Children also, more often than not, are attached to their surroundings and divorce sometimes mean moving out or migrating which could prove unhealthy for the wellbeing of a child. A parent also has a tendency to create a dis-attachment between the child and the other parent which could prove to be a major predicament in the psychological health of the child (Parker). Many children tend to think that they are somehow the reason why their parents want to get divorced. Children often remember rough times that they had with their parents such as arguments, poor grades, getting into trouble, vices, etc. They start to think that the conflict came from them and they start to blame themselves. If this is the case, the parents should make clear that they are not responsible for the conflict and that both of the parents still love them. Explaining custody arrangements would also prove better to prepare the child and for a better understanding (Clandos). In some cases children try to bring their parents back together by either â€Å"acting out† in negative ways or trying â€Å"so good† so that his/her parents would think twice and reconsider about pursuing the divorce (Parker). As a reaction to a divorce, children especially teenagers show aggressive and defiant behavior. A problem here is that parents usually think that this is the normal behavior of the children instead of a reaction to problem. Parents should be keen observers and must be able to identify if the behavior is still normal. In such cases, children also show depression and parents must watch out for this kind of reactions (Parker). In one study, it has been proven that children have adapted to their parents divorce and have emerged as successful individuals. According to Constance Ahrons, the author of Were Still Family: What Grown Children Have to Say About Their Parents Divorce, although they are now adults, children who belonged in families that divorced emerged â€Å"stronger and wiser† having coped with â€Å"difficult times and experienced stressful family changes†. The research indicated that 79 percent feel that their parents decision to have divorce proved to be a good one. On the other hand, according to David Blankenhorn, founder of the Institute for American Values, â€Å"a good divorce is not nearly as important as having less divorce. No matter how good your divorce is, it is still a very painful experience for your child (Peterson). Many children who have grown up may have coped with the effects of divorce but still, a good number of children were affected and were not able to cope with it. It has been proven that children from divorced families are usually victims of abuse and exhibit more health, behavioral and emotional problems compared to children from intact families. Data also indicate that children from divorced families have more likely been associated with drugs, crime and even suicide (Fagan). According to a survey conducted by the Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, fatherless children show a much greater risk of committing suicide while another study indicated that three out of four teenage suicide cases are from families where a parent is absent. Moreover, another study by Kalter and Rembar indicated from a sample of 144 children and adolescents that 63 percent showed subjective psychological problems such as anxiety, sadness, moodiness, phobias and depression while 56 percent had poor grades. Another 43 percent showed aggressive behavior towards their parents (Fatherless Homes Statistics). Children from divorced couples have been noted to perform poorly in academic subjects such as reading, spelling and math. They have also been identified to have higher drop-out rates and more often repeat a grade. It was also indicated that these children have a less likelihood of graduating from college. It was also noted that families that have gone through a divorce have experienced a 50 percent drop in their income levels resulting in poverty. Divorce also resulted in less religious worship which is associated with many positive outcomes such as better health, longer marriages and improved family life (Fagan). Divorce also affects the sexual behavior of children. Children from divorced families start to accept premarital sex and divorce. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth indicated that â€Å"African–American girls are 42 percent less likely to have sexual intercourse before age 18 if their biological father is present at home. For Hispanic–American girls, the stepfather’s presence increases the likelihood of sexual intercourse before age 18 by 72 percent† (Fagan). Robert Sampson, a professor of sociology at the University of Chicago, discovered that divorce rate is connected to the robbery rate in 171 cities in the United States that have a population of at least 100,000. Lower rate of divorce meant higher social control which in turn also results in lower crime rate. There is also a close line relating child abuse and crime rates. Higher divorce rates result in higher rates of child abuse but instead of curbing child abuse, remarriage only adds to it. Having a stepfather would most likely increase child abuse and data indicate that serious cases of abuse is much higher for stepchildren compared to children from whole families (Fagan). Likewise, a study by Kalter indicates that teenage and adult females that have been exposed to parental divorce resulted in lower self-esteem, heightened sexual activity, delinquent behavior and are unable to maintain a lasting heterosexual relationship. It was also stated that girls who grew without interaction from a father missed out on a key element. â€Å"The continuous sense of being valued and loved as a female seems an especially key element in the development of the conviction that one is indeed femininely lovable. Without this regular source of nourishment, a girls sense of being valued as a female does not seem to thrive† (Fatherless Homes Statistics). Children may suffer traumatic experiences in cases of divorce but steps can be taken to reduce these kinds of effects that divorce has on children. These steps are the following: â€Å"(1) be honest for the potential of emotional trauma on each of your kids; (2) allow your children to communicate openly; (3) offer your children choices, whenever possible, to increase their sense of power over their lives; (4) find support for yourself and your children; and (5) provide continuity† (Clandos). It is, likewise advised not to expose the children to any marital conflict. Talking about the spouses negative behavior should also be avoided while developing amicable relationship with the spouse is advisable for the sake of the children. Taking care of ones self will also help children adjust to the changes caused by the divorce. Moreover, discussing the separation with the children would also be helpful but one must always be mindful because what one says might affect the outlook of the child in a negative way (Clandos). Some changes in behavior may be observed from children that have been affected by the separation. Some children who are most of the time jolly and playful may become moody and may lose self-esteem. Sadness and moodiness may become excessive at times. Children also sometimes develop a fear of â€Å"clinginess† and may show anger outbursts (Clandos). Teen marriage account for a good percentage of divorce cases. Early marriages have been considered more unstable because of different factors such as the inability to support a family because of the absence of a good paying job having not finished college. It is estimated that one half of teen marriages with women ranging from 18 to 19 years of age result in divorce within 15 years time although the rate of divorce for women over 20 is also particularly high at around 33 percent. In cases of out-of -wedlock pregnancies, marrying before giving birth will increase paternal support because the male partner would have better access to the child and may provide better financial support even if there is a high risk that the marriage will result in an divorce (Seiler, 7). According to data from the National Center for Health Statistics, over time, the rate of divorce per 100 marriages have increased from three in 1870 to 30 in 1945 and 51 in 1998 (Fagan). Half of the marriages in the US end in divorce and from this data, one may state that people now no longer consider marriage as a strong binding force for a couple. Marriage now no longer provides a perception that it is permanent. Marriage is also no longer considered as a life-changing decision because of the availability of divorce. Dating games such as The Bachelor which sometimes end in marriage is proof enough that people no longer take marriage seriously. A divorce is caused by many factors such as common misunderstandings, financial difficulties, adultery, vices, and other irreconcilable differences. Many couples experience financial difficulties and this is one cause of divorce but prior to what most believe, financial problems are not the top cause of divorce. It only ranks fourth or fifth next to other factors that produce higher divorce rates, namely, â€Å"incompatibility, lack of emotional support, abuse and sexual problems†. According to Jan Andersen, associate professor at California State University in Sacramento, only 5 percent of divorce cases are caused by a couples financial difficulties (Weston). Other usual causes of divorce aside from financial problems are â€Å"lack of commitment to the marriage, lack of communication between spouses, infidelity, abandonment, alcohol addiction, substance abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, inability to manage or resolve conflict, personality differences or ‘irreconcilable differences’,differences in personal and career goals, different expectations about household tasks,different expectations about having or rearing children, interference from parents or in-laws, lack of maturity, intellectual incompatibility, sexual incompatibility, insistence of sticking to traditional roles and not allowing room for personal growth, falling out of love, religious conversion or religious beliefs, cultural and lifestyle differences, inability to deal with each other’s petty idiosyncrasies, mental instability or mental illness, criminal behavior and incarceration for crime† (Panse). Even if many countries legal ly accept divorce, there are still some countries that do not approve of divorce and most of these countries are against divorce because of religious beliefs. In biblical texts, adultery is often mentioned but nothing is clearly mentioned about divorce. Even theology scholars and pastors do not share the same views regarding biblical teachings about divorce. Christian scholars have different positions regarding the controversial issue. They argue that â€Å"(1) divorce is never permitted under any circumstances; (2) divorce is permissible under certain, specified circumstances; and (3) divorce is permissible under many circumstances† (House). The first argument supports that â€Å"marriage is lifelong and permanent† and divorce is against Gods standards and Christians are strictly prohibited from having divorce. Those who support the second argument that divorce is permissible under specific circumstances believe that divorce is not prohibited by biblical texts. They believe that one spouse commiting adultery means that a divorce can be allowed. Desertion is also being considered as a valid reason for divorce in this argument. On the other hand, the third view argues that divorce is allowed not just for conditions of adultery and desertion but for many other conditions as well (House). Generally speaking, divorce has many adverse effects on children. It affects their behavior, emotional and psychological health. Although some research studies indicate that children have been able to overcome the behavioral, emotional and psychological effects caused by divorce and were able to break out as successful individuals, many children still suffer from the harmful effects of divorce. As discussed, children from divorced families have a higher tendency to commit suicide, are more likely to commit crime and premarital sex as well as having poorer performance in academics. To sum it up, divorce does not provide any good effects on children and because of the many negative effects, it would be better if couples do not resort to divorce so as not to disregard the well-being of their children. It would be better off if couples just settle their differences for the sake of the children. It is also recommended that the government take steps to at least be able to lessen the cases of divorce if not eliminate it. On the other hand, the church should re-orient people the importance of marriage and deciding who to marry as simple as it has become today. The Church must make the people know that marriage is a life-changing decision. The status of marriage, particularly in the United States which is one of the countries with the highest divorce rates, is not strong. Works Cited Parker, Wayne. The Effects of Divorce on Children and How to Cope. accessed April 2, 2008 from, http://fatherhood. about. com/cs/divorceddads/a/divorcekids. htm Clandos, Rosemary, Kemp, Gina M. A. , Jaffe, Jaelline Ph. D. , Segal, Jeanne Ph. D. 28 September 2007. Coping with Divorce: Helping Your Child Cope with Separation or Divorce. accessed April 2, 2008 from, http://www. helpguide. org/mental/children_divorce. htm Peterson, Karen. Is Divorce a Bad Thing? Does it often leave broken children in its wake? Apparently not. 2004 June. accessed April 2, 2008 from, http://www. dimaggio. org/Eye- Openers/is_divorce_a_bad_thing. htm

Justify the use of IT for this problem compared to other methods Essay Example for Free

Justify the use of IT for this problem compared to other methods Essay In my opinion I feel that IT would be most appropriate for this problem. I can justify this by using an example such as; if a large corporate company that have millions of bills to produce all the time and used the manual approach, they would be paying out more money than they are making. This would mean they would have to charge the customer more for their services and some customers may not feel satisfied with the prices, and this may cause them to end their contract with the company. I do think that the total cost for hardware, software and their maintenance can seem overwhelming, however once these costs have been taken care of the company can produce millions of bills quickly and efficiently, saving time and money. The cost of initially training staff may also seem like a lot of money, however once the staff have been trained they will have the knowledge for a long-time and so the company wont have to keep paying out for new staff to learn special skills. However, if someone wanted to produce one bill buy a whole new computer system with new hardware and software wouldnt really justify the cause. Producing 1000 letters by hand would be ridiculous because using this method to solve this type of problem would only cause inconvenience and further problems. The best way to deal with this problem would be to use IT, using IT would quicker and more economical. And if all the letters had the same framework and only a few details needed to be changed each time one could use something like a mail merge system. However, when producing only one letter it is better to do it by hand rather than investing in a whole new computer system. When using the IT approach to the situation of producing many bills, it has many advantages one of the most important ones in my opinion is security. If the system is done by hand, anyone has easy access to the personal details of any customer, these details are very confidential. However, when everything is done with a computer system the security is increased and additional passwords and precautions can be taken if required which are usually needed when working with a huge-communication company. Would the use of IT in expert hands have produced better results than those you produced? In my opinion, I feel that if this particular dilemma was placed in the hands of an IT expert they would have handled it different to the way I have. Firstly I think they would have solved the whole Is the use of latest technology always an improvement? (Try to give examples in IT where the latest technology has been helpful in achieving results and also where there have been problems using latest technology. Draw some sort of conclusion.)

Personal And Professional Values Of People

Personal And Professional Values Of People Values are part of my upbringing and play a big part in my life, as they underpin my thoughts and actions. As a social work student I need to question my personal values, beliefs and ethics as these will have a big impact on my behaviour as a professional. My personal values are congruent to the values of social work, which is the reason why I have chosen a career in a social care. This values are self determination to promote social justice, being caring and helpful toward others, truthfulness (honesty) and respect. Working in Residential and Care Homes further developed my interest in promoting social justice and social change on behalf of the service users. I understand, that as a social work student I need to act in accordance with the values, and ethics of the profession, recognizing how personal and professional values may conflict with the needs of diverse clients. VALUING DIVERSITY To value diversity means acknowledging my own prejudices, allowing people to be different and respecting these differences. Being raised in Poland, where 96, 7% of population is polish my upbringing was white and influenced my prejudice about people from other cultures. Due to lack of contact and knowledge I have made a preconceived judgment about other races. My social environment such as religion and culture has influenced me to behave in certain ways towards other people. My religion created a stereotype and prejudice about homosexuality. My beliefs would not accept homosexuality due to influence of the church on my attitude towards sexual orientation. Moving to England and changing my social environment made me realize how wrong those perceptions were. Living in multicultural environment made me aware of different cultures, religions, races, which helped me to change my attitude towards people from diverse backgrounds. I have made friends from different parts of the world what he lped me to enhance my understanding of different cultures and religions. I have learned how to accept and respect the differences. I understand and recognise that we living in a diverse society and that there is much to be gained by having a variety of people, with a variety of backgrounds, approaches, talents and contributions. DISCRIMINATION My experience with discrimination started when I moved to England in 2004. I was often subject to insulting racial jokes. The stereotypes about my culture and people along with labelling were very offensive and painful. The people with whom I have been working held hostile attitudes toward Polish people and culture. I was working in Bed and Breakfast where the majority of employees were English. My employer treated me differently than other employees. When allocating the tasks, she would often give me the most of them living the rest of the staff doing almost nothing. On one occasion one of the employees did not complete the given task and she said Let the Polish get on with this. She would not have dared to treat other employees the way she treated me. Probably she thought that she could get away with it because I did not know my rights and my English language was very poor. I found that experience very painful and could not understand why I was treated this way. Later on I have dis covered that it was a direct discrimination and it is against the law to be treated this way. There are a number of policies and legislations that could apply to my situation such as: The 1976 Race Relations Act, which makes it unlawful for an employer to discriminate against you on racial grounds. Race includes: colour, nationality, ethnic or national origins. ( www.direct.gov.uk) The Equality Act 2010 provides a new cross-cutting legislative framework to protect the rights of individuals and advance equality of opportunity for all; to update, simplify and strengthen the previous legislation; and to deliver a simple, modern and accessible framework of discrimination law which protects individuals from unfair treatment and promotes a fair and more equal society.( www.equalities.gov.uk) I could also use agencies such as Citizen Advice Bureau, which provides free advice to foreigners, and often offer a translator to provide information and advice on employment rights, including discrimination. ACAS is another organisation, which provides general information on employment rights and responsibilities. Being discriminated in the past made me realise how damaging the effects of discrimination can be. I have started to wonder why people discriminate against each other. On many occasions I have witness discrimination but due to lack of knowledge I was not able to challenge it and simply accept or ignore it. Last year on the Access Course I have developed a knowledge which helped me to understand why discrimination happens in society. I have learned different theories behind discrimination which helped me to understand its roots. Since then I have become more observant and started to reflect on my own actions and actions of others. Schon (1983) identifies two types of reflection. Reflection in action, which is thinking back on what we have done in order to discover how our knowing in action may have contributed to an unexpected outcome. We may do so after the fact, in tranquillity or we may pause in the midst of action (stop and think) (Schon,1987:26). Reflection -in -action is about challenging my assumptions, thinking again, in a new way about the problem that I have encountered. Reflection In Action is happening where we may reflect in the midst of action without interrupting it. Our thinking serves to reshape what we are doing while doing it (Schon, 1987:26). By observing others in my current work place I have identified negative experiences present in a Care Home based on feelings of discrimination and unfair treatment which was against my own values and believes. One of the examples of discrimination that I have witness was discrimination through the language. Working in a Residential Home as a carer I have noticed a member of staff using patronising and insulting language towards residents. I found that language very disrespecting and decided to challenge my colleague. I have realized that he held a negative attitude towards older people, as he regards to residents as dirty old woman, and call them as useless . I have explained to him that one day he also will be old and is that the way he would like to be seen. At this point my Manager came in and after explaining what has happen, the member of staff was asked to leave the premises. In reflection on this experience I have realized that people have different attitudes to aged population, which are different to my own attitude. Another observation involves a resident having negative attitudes towards black people. The resident would not allow a black member of staff to provide any kind of help or personal care. She would shout and swear using insulting language as soon as they entered the room. Because the majority of carers are black it is hard to allocate a white member of staff to help her. When asking her why she does not want a black member of staff she answered that she does not want blacks to help or touch her because they are dirty and useless. On one occasion when attending this resident I decided to challenge her perceptions about black people and called a new black member of staff to help me when giving personal care. I have explained to the resident that she is a new member of staff and she will only observe me. She accepted it but was not very happy about it. While working with resident I started to ask the girl questions, such as why she wants to work here and does she like her job. She respon ds that she was looking after her grandmother who passed away recently and has a lot of experience and that she enjoys helping other people. The resident was listening but did not say anything. I was hoping that she will change her negative attitude after spending some time with the black member of staff, after watching me having a positive interaction with her. Not being aware of the resident attitude the girl asked her if she would like her to do her hair because she used to do it very nice to her grandmother. The resident did not answer just sat on the chair and gave the girl a hair brush. On that stage I have left the room hoping that this experience will change her attitude and prejudice against black people. The resident now is being attended by black staff without any problems, and communicating in a respectful way. REFLECTION ON THE POLICIES OF CHALLENGING DISCRIMINATION IN MY WORK PLACE (JEWISH RESIDENTIAL HOME) The use of Anti Discriminatory practice at my work place is fundamental to the ethical basis of care provision, and equality legislation is crucial to the protection of service users dignity. It imposes particular responsibilities on public and service providers to avoid stereotyping and to respect service users diverse needs and cultural diversity. To challenge discrimination Jewish Care has put into place a written policies and procedures to deal with discriminatory behaviour and practice. CHALLENGING DISCRIMINATION AND OPPRESSION A starting point in challenging discrimination and oppression is having awareness of the different types and ways that discrimination and oppression can occur. Thompson PCS Analysis provides a clear and understandable method of consideration discrimination and oppression in the context of personal, cultural and societal levels. The process of empowerment is also crucial in challenging oppression. On a personal level we could empower individuals to take control over their lives, for example through enhancement of self-esteem and confidence. On a cultural level empowerment is concerned with becoming aware of ideologies premised on inequality. Discriminatory assumptions and stereotypes should be challenged in order to break down an oppressive culture. On a structural level empowerment involve abolition of structural inequalities from the structure of society. Education plays important role in challenging discrimination. By educating people to understand the causes and effects of discrim ination we can challenge traditional beliefs and practices concerning particular groups and promote equality, diversity, inclusion and tolerance. ANTI DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICE Anti discriminatory practice is an approach which seeks to combat discrimination and oppression, in terms of challenging all forms of discrimination and oppression from our own practice and practice of others (Thompson, 2006). As a social work student I need to develop further my anti discriminatory practice. To do so I have to recognise the significance of discrimination in peoples lives, especially in the lives of disadvantaged people. I also need to develop self-awareness and make sure, that my own action does not reinforce discrimination.

Sexual Abuse In the Catholic Church :: Paedophilia Catholic Church

The Catholic Church is right now struggling with a very serious and grave scandal, Sexual Abuse of catholic priests and Paedophilia. Within the last year the Catholic Church has had to dispense over 100 million dollars in sexual abuse settlements*** (find source). However, the crisis became mainstream when two Catholic priests in Boston were accused of abusing over 100 boys and young men. The church worldwide has felt repercussions from this scandal. In fact, it even resulted in the call of all American cardinals who are healthy enough to travel to a summit in the Vatican with Pope John Paul the second. There are several issues at play as this scandal continues. In this paper I hope to look at the actual scandals involving retired priest Paul Shanley and defrocked priest John Geoghan. These two men served as priests in the Boston community for over 20 years under the leadership of three different Cardinals. Throughout their years of service they had sexual relationships with males ranging from the age of 4 to 26. Only within the past year were legal steps taken against them. John Geoghan was tried and convicted and Paul Shanley’s case is still under investigation. In the Catholic Church, priests are the moral authority. When one has questions with his faith he is taught that he can go to his priest for informed answers. In this paper I also hope to deal with how these priests failed their flock. They took advantage of men who came to them for help when in trouble and preyed on the little boys who came to the church for guidance. In addition to the tacit feeling that as a priest they will only do what is right, these men told their victims that they would deal with the moral implications. I also hope to look at the role of the Cardinals in this whole affair. The Catholic Church teaches that these men are responsible for the priests under their care, as well as the people. Fathers Geoghan and Shanley served under three Boston Cardinals and they were still allowed to continue preying on the people in their parish. The people of the church depend on their Cardinals to keep the archdiocese in order, and these men failed the people they are supposed to guide. The question then arises: how much responsibility should these Cardinals take. In order to answer that question I shall look at Cardinal Bernard Law.

Essay --

Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction One of the most common ways for a firm to operate or finances its assets is capital structure. Capital structures refer as a combination of equity, debt and hybrid securities that used in the firm operation. In a perfect market, transaction or bankruptcy cost, inefficient information and taxes will not exist. Therefore, Modigliani and Miller created a theory of capital structure in a perfect market. The use of capital structure is important as it affect the firm profitability. Financial decision of a business organization becomes one of the important decisions that normally will represent by capital structure. Musiega, et al. (2013) claimed that choosing an appropriate capital structure will benefit the firm as it help a firm to adapt with various challenging and competitive business world thereby become more profitability. According to Zeitun and Tian (2007), managers who are able to identify the optimal capital structure will help the companies to increase the firm revenue or profitability and reduce the firm’s cost of finance. Nutshell, capital structure of a firm can influence a firm profitability; a firm health determined by a firm capital structure. By analyzing the choice of firm’s capital structure, financial behavior of a firm can be explained by the pecking order theory and the trade off theory (Ana, Dragan & Monica, 2012). Both of this theory provides a different relationship between the capital structure and profitability. Based on the study of Zabri (2012), the pecking order theory provide a negative impact of profitability on leverage while the trade-off theory provide a positive relationship between the capital structure and profitability. There are some of the findings... ...o investigate the relationship between the capital structure and profitability of firm. In order to have clearer and accurate evidence on the relationship between the capital structure and profitability, 24 of public listed companies in Sarawak Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE), Malaysia are chosen to test it. All the financial statement for 24 companies will record accurate and correctly in order to create an accurate test or relationship. The introduction of the research proposal will be discussed in chapter 1. In chapter 2, literature review will be discussed on various views of previous researches which relate to our topic. Research methodology and the data collection will be present in chapter 3 while chapter 4 will discuss about the result and discussion on the result. A conclusion and policy implication will be discussed in the final chapter of this study.

Consider how Emily Bront introduces the reader to the themes of enclosure and the supernatural

Wuthering Heights is a novel which criticisers the idea of enclosure in pre 19th century books and life. It was published in December 1847, but only 250 copies were published. It centres on pivotal characters, which Emily Brontà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ heavily describes. People who read the book from the contemporary audience would have been shocked from the language and all the swearing, they thought it was a depressing and morose novel. Emily Brontà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ was born in Thornton, Yorkshire, in the north of England; similarly the book is set in the north of Yorkshire, in the moors. This amplifies the idea enclosure already as it is a hard to reach place, and the place where it is set, is remote to every where else! Emily had a rough life because she lived in a small stone cottage on the 2nd floor with three bedrooms, no bigger than a small closet. She died of Tuberculosis in late 1848. She caught a cold at her brother, Branwell's, funeral in September. Her novel â€Å"Wuthering Heights† reflects on her life, as she lived a rough life living in a small house with two sisters in the moors. Moving on the opening of this prestigious novel opens with a specific date, 1801. This specific date â€Å"1801† is a similar to a diary so it would make the reader feel more intimately enclosed with Emily Brontà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½; plus the use of her heavy vocabulary and description makes me feel quite involved with the book and it's characters, yet it cleverly ties you into her grasp so you feel you have to carry on reading. But as this is a diary type opening the person, in this case the narrator: Lockwood, will inevitably express his feelings, which is indeed what he does so there is a sense of biased in his views and opinions. Lockwood seems to be a pleasant man who thinks himself to be in the same league as Heathcliff, yet he is much more polite and affectionate and can show his emotions more freely than Heathcliff. Yet as we enter this heavily described book he is the narrator and is quite provoked by Heathcliff, in the sense that he is a role model towards him. The opening of the book is set in a remote place with a garish house, quite distressed and characterised, especially with gothic creatures. Lock mentions â€Å"1500† this was over the door of the house with the name â€Å"Hareton Earnshaw†, so the story the is written in a 1st person narration. Also the fact that Heathcliff expresses the words â€Å"go to the Deuce† is quite atrocious and not appealing. This would immediately astonish the contemporary audience as witchcraft and mentioning the Devil was quite blasphemous and profound; this may have triggered a slight distaste towards the dreadful keeper of this dreadful house. Lockwood also asks himself questions like â€Å"Why did I think of Linton?† on page 17, this leads on to impression of enclosure like â€Å"Situation so completely removed from the stir of society† and â€Å"Misanthropists heaven†, this means someone who hates society and everyone else. This is ideal for an misanthropist because no one else is around and the nearest house is about 2 miles away. Another sense of a misanthropist is when Heathcliff says â€Å"Walk in† and when the dogs attack Lockwood because they are not use to anyone else. Nobody helps Lockwood when he shouts accept for Zillah, this is because women were cheap labour and disrespected back then. This leads to a description of Wuthering Heights it shows an influence of a gothic novel because of the different features like â€Å"quantity of grotesque carving lavished over the front†, this is on page 2 and he says there is â€Å"Crumberling griffins and shameless little boys† over the door, so the book reinforces the idea of supernatural. When it says â€Å"dark skinned gypsy† people thought they were into aroused suspicion. Another part of the supernatural is when Lockwood says â€Å"The storm subsided magically†. The language reinforces the supernatural. By this time the reader feels that Lockwood has made an effort to be polite but all his efforts were thrown back in his face by Heathcliffs rudeness. â€Å"The walk in was littered with closed teeth, and expressed in the sentiment.† This novel shows that the life she led she was very, powerfully influenced by enclosure and that she was very enclosed being a women, as men were more dominant and allowed to vote, whereas women were still treated as the lower powered sex! Also in those times women weren't allowed to write and publish books, so with this in mind, how did Emily Bronte's book become so famous? If women weren't allowed to write books, how did Emily Bronte's book, and her sisters' for that matter, get published in what used to be a powerfully, male dominated world? It seems to me that Emily Bronte was very influenced by enclosure in her life and that she is tired of the way women are exploited in the world. This is where the ideas of women, and supernatural mix â€Å"a lusty dame, with tucked-up gown, bare arms and fire-flushed cheeks, rushed into the midst of us flourishing a frying-pan: and used that weapon, and her tongue, to such a purpose, that the storm subsided magically.† In addition there are further, reinforced ideas of the supernatural in the mind of the reader as; there is an incident, after Lockwood has entered the house, and is waiting to talk to Heathcliff. He is seated anxiously waiting with Heathcliff's dogs, which are â€Å"haunting the recesses†. This shows that the dogs are more powerful or seem to be more powerfully personified, and it gives the idea that the dogs are ghosts and dark spirited, especially the use of the word â€Å"haunted†, as it implies bringing displeasure to someone or something, and maybe not welcoming anything. At the end of the chapter, the reader would feel different towards Lockwood as they would have done at the beginning. At the beginning Lockwood seems more provoked as he thinks himself to be in the same league as Heathcliff, towards the end he is shown to be quite different from Heathcliff; further more we would feel sympathetic towards him as he was callously attacked by Heathcliffs' dogs. Having been annoyed by this racket, Heathcliff is angry and unsympathetic towards him. Moving on, Emily Brontà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ builds up the idea of the supernatural and enclosure, through a number of ways. Firstly we see Lockwood, anonymously, returning to Wuthering Heights, to have, yet another meeting with Heathcliff. â€Å"Yesterday afternoon set in misty and cold. I had half a mind to spend by my study fire, instead if wading through heath and mud to Wuthering Heights.† This shows that Lockwood is optimistic to still show Heathcliff he can be a nicer person than normal. Furthermore, after re entering Wuthering Heights, Lockwood is bombarded by displeasure and hints of hatred, towards him, as Heathcliff does not want a repeat of what happened before, â€Å"You should not have come out.† This would make the audience feel slight sympathy towards Lockwood, but as he unconventionally turned up, it was not wrong for Heathcliff and the others to feel this way.

Competencies Difference Between Adn vs Bsn

Running head: Differences in competencies between ADN and BSN The Differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level in nursing Mini Anthony Grand Canyon University: NRS 430v Professional Dynamics 01/08/11 ? The Differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level in nursing The nursing training or education started in 1860, after the Crimean war. This program was started by Florence Nightingale, based on her experience caring for the sick and injured soldiers during the war. The first nursing school was established in London. During the United States civil war, the American women proved the capability of skilled nursing to provide better care for the sick and injured in the war. There was decrease in morbidity and mortality in the war camps. This motivated the women in the United States to form training schools for nurses based on the nightingale model (Woolsey, 1950; Dock, 1907). In the year1923 there was a recommendation, that the entry level of education for a professional nurse be a Bachelor of Science in nursing degree. As the years passed there was a severe shortage of nurses, to compensate this Mildred Montag, in the year 1951, found the Associate Degree in Nursing program. Associate degree nursing was a two year program. As the Associate Degree nursing flourished, the diploma education in nursing started to disappear. Associate degree programs produced more graduate nurses, than the Bachelor of Science and diploma nursing. Both associate degree graduate and baccalaureate degree graduate take the same NCLEX board exam for licensing and enter the same job. The fast growing complex health care and broadening clinical knowledge are forcing nurses have educational preparation appropriate to the various demands. Since health care is moving towards primary and preventive care in the community, it requires nurses who can work both in the hospital care setting as well as the community. Nurses need to function independently, making clinical decisions, providing direct bedside care, case management, and providing education to patient and family in regards to treatment, disease condition and how to adapt a healthy life style. The nurses with baccalaureate degrees are prepared for this. Difference between associate degree nurse and baccalaureate degree nursing The associate degree nurses are capable of working in a structured environment. They are good at bedside care, handling the equipment, and providing basic nursing care. The baccalaureate prepared nurses are good at what the associate degree nurses do, in addition to more complex care, leadership, management skill and patient education. They also construct and plan a thorough nursing care plan during the entire stay of a patient from the time of admission to discharge. Practice The graduates from associate degree programs work in the hospital environment. The baccalaureate graduate can work in the hospital, as well outside the hospital in the community, providing primary and preventive care needed in the community. Technology The A D N graduate does not have research skills that are used in nursing, also technological advances that enhances the medical care delivery. When it comes to BSN graduate they are trained to handle technical problems that need critical thinking, leading to research and the use of technology to provide nursing care. Education The associate degree in nursing is fast and easily available. It can be completed in two years if all the pre-requisites are completed. It costs less and prepares nurses clinically competent at bedside care. The baccalaureate degree nursing is expensive, and takes four years to complete. It prepares nurses for acute care and community care, and also trains in leadership and management. As the health care system is moving forward for primary care and management, prevention and cost effective care, it needs nurses who can work in a non-structured environment and be involved directly with the community providing health and prevention care. This requires baccalaureate nursing graduates. The demand for BSN is increasing and some states are making it mandatory. In the future the associate nursing degree may disappear as the diploma in nursing program disappeared. Many hospitals are moving towards getting magnet status; this poses an importance on nurses getting baccalaureate degrees. They encourage their nurses to achieve it by providing tuition reimbursement and other incentives. The employment opportunity for BSN nurses are increasing and A DN opportunities are decreasing slowly. Research has proved the need for baccalaureate nurses, based on the studies in acute care hospital where the mortality rate is reduced, and improved patient satisfaction was noted. Now the universities provide various choices for nurses who want to pursue their higher education as to meet the upcoming changes and standards. It can be done while working and at our pace and we get our degree with advanced knowledge and skills to meet the changing health care system. ? References Creasia, Joan L. , Friberg, Elizabeth E. (102010). Conceptual Foundations: The Bridge to Professional Nursing Practice [5] (VitalSource Bookshelf), Retrieved from http://pagebursts. elsevier. com/books/978-0-323-06869-7/id/b9780323068697100029 _p0100 Taylor, D. (2008). Should the entry into nursing Practice be the Baccalaureate degree? AORN Journal, 87(3), 611. Lane,S. , & Kohlenberg,E. (2010). The future of baccalaureate degrees for nurses. Nursing Forum, 45(4) 218-227 doi:10. 1111/j. 1744-6198-2010-00194. x Disparities in competencies between bsn and adn, rn nurses. (2011, september 12). Retrieved from http://academicwritingtips. org/competent/k2/item/4113-disparities-in-competencies Nursing articles to bsn or not to bsn-that is the nurse's question. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. nursingdegree. net/articles/se060326-bsn-nurse-htm

College Is a Waste of Time and Money Essay

1. Affluence- Abundance of money, property and other material goods Permissive- Habitually or characteristically accepting or tolerant of something, as social behavior or linguistic usage, which others might disapprove or forbid Elitist- A person having, thought to have, or professing superior intellect or talent, power, wealth, or membership in the upper echelons of society 2. The time and money put into college are not balanced with the return rate. * Society has developed an unspoken standard that college is the best fit for upcoming adults and for them to achieve the highest education possible. But in fact, most students do not want to be there because they do not want to learn. * â€Å"no more than 25 percent of their students are turned on by classwork†¦up to 30% are in college reluctantly† * College has failed at its expectations and promises to give opportunities to students that most bargained for. * There is already a surplus of adult workers in the economy with more experience than the out-of-college student. Even with a degree in hand, graduated students do not have the upper hand over the experienced adults. * College education fails to ready students for the real because liberal arts is a religion rather than a preparation. * â€Å"A liberal-arts education is supposed to provide you with a value system, a standard, a set of ideas, not a job.† 3. College is an over-rated system that does not give out what a student gives in. 4. Based on the author’s logic, I do agree with the author’s argument. Although she uses a small amount of specific evidence, she reasons well and thoroughly. As society has developed, it has pushed for everyone to obtain the highest education possible, which most students aren’t prepared for nor will they continue with their degree. The world simply cannot go round with a population full of highly educated people.

Dc Power Supply Design

Abstract: The main aim of this assignment is to design a pre amplifier circuit with an NPN transistor to be used in a simple public address (PA) system. The pre amplifier is fed from a microphone that produces an average output voltage of 10 mV rms. The amplifier is to operate over a frequency range of 300 Hz to 5 kHz and should have an adjustable volume control. The expected gain of the amplifier is 100.First we are going to design an amplifier for given specifications, model the operation of the circuit using h-parameter and r-parameter model, use computer aided design software to analyze the circuit performance and demonstrate the working of the circuit by hardware implementation. Then, we will plot the frequency response of the circuit and analyze the effect of the emitter bypass capacitor. Finally we will compare the mid-band gain, bandwidth and lower cutoff frequency obtained from the simulation result and the hardware implementation with the designed values. Chapter 1Introduct ion: Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is a three terminal device with three regions (Emitter, Base and Collector) and two PN junctions (Emitter-Base junction and Base-Collector junction). Since there are two junctions that means there are four possible ways of biasing a transistor. If both junctions are forward biased then the transistor will operate in the saturation region. If both junctions are reverse biased then the transistor will operate in the cut of region. These two conditions of operation are used when the transistor is needed to work as a switch.To use a transistor as an amplifier, the emitter base junction should be forward biased and the collector base junction should be reverse biased. Amplifier is an electronic circuit that can amplify signals applied to its input terminal. If an AC signal is given to a transistor amplifier it will produce an AC base current. This AC base current will produce a much larger AC collector current since IC=? IB. The AC collector current produces an AC voltage across the load resistor RL, thus producing an amplified, but inverted, reproduction of the AC input voltage in the active region of operations.DC load line is a sloping straight line connecting all the operating points of a transistor biasing drawn on the output characteristics of the transistor and the intersection point gives the Quiescent point (Q-point). A prober Q-point should be in the middle of the DC load line. Selecting a good Q-point prevents the transistor from going into the cutoff or the saturation region and gives more stability. A fixed bias (i. e. base bias) circuit or a voltage divider bias circuit can be used for this assignment but a voltage divider circuit is more efficient.The main disadvantage in a fixed bias circuit is that ? ac depends on temperature, which means ? ac is not stable. And when ? ac changes, IC will change(IC=? IB) and VCE will change. The changes in IC and VCE make the Q-point unstable. Whereas in voltage divider bias c ircuit, IC is independent of ? ac and hence the Q-point is more stable. Voltage divider bias is widely used because reasonably good stability reached with a single power supply. Chapter 2 Problem Description: The problem is to design and fabricate a pre amplifier circuit with an NPN transistor to be used in a simple public address (PA) system.The input of the pre amplifier circuit is taken from a microphone that produces an average output voltage of 10 mV rms. The amplifier is to operate over a frequency range of 300 Hz to 5 kHz. Also, it should have an adjustable volume control. The expected voltage gain of the amplifier is 100. Design Specifications: Voltage gain = 100 Lower cut off frequency = 300Hz Vin = 10mV (rms) RL = 10k? DC power supply = 10V to 15V Type of transistor – NPN We will begin our assignment by selecting a suitable transistor. Then we will decide on a DC voltage supply and assume a prober Q-point (IC, VCE) to carry out the design.We will start the design by calculating the values of Resistors RC and RE and the voltage divider resistors R1 and R2. After that we will calculate the values of the two coupling capacitors (C1 and C2) and the emitter bypass capacitor (CE) for the required cut off frequency. After finishing the mathematical model we will simulate the circuit using OrCAD to analyze the circuit performance. Then, after finishing the simulation, we will assemble the circuit using approximate values of the calculated ones. Finally, we will compare the simulation results with the hardware results.The results we will be focusing on are the voltage gain, the cutoff frequency and the Bandwidth. Chapter 3 Circuit Diagram and Design: Av = 100 FL = 300Hz Av = 100 FL = 300Hz Figure 1 – Circuit Diagram Step1 – Selection of Transistor, Supply Voltage (VCC) and Collector Current (IC): The selected transistor should have a minimum current gain (? ) that is equal to or greater than the desired voltage gain. Therefore, we will us e Q2N2222 in this assignment. Since the output voltage swing is not specified in this assignment, we will choose 12V as our voltage supply. We will choose IC as 4 mA. Transistor: Q2N2222Supply Voltage: VCC = 12 V Collector Current: IC = 4 mA * To carry out the design we need to draw the dc equivalent circuit. Figure 2 – DC Equivalent Circuit Step2 – Design of Collector Resistor (RC) and Emitter Resistor (RE): VCE = 50% VCC = 50% ? 12 = 6 V VE = 10% VCC = 10% ? 12 = 1. 2 V VRC = VCC – VE – VCE = 12 – 6 – 1. 2 = 4. 8 V RC = VRCIC = 4. 8 V4 mA = 1. 2 k? RE = VEIE = VEIC = 1. 2 V4 mA = 300 ? , since IC ? IE Step3 – Design of Voltage Divider R1 and R2: ? = 100 (data sheet) R2 = ? RE10= 100? 30010 = 3 k? VB = VBE + VE = 0. 7 + 1. 2 = 1. 9 V VB = VCCR2R1+R2 R1 = VCCR2VB+R2 = 100? 3k1. +3k = 16 k? * Now we need to draw the ac equivalent circuit. Figure 3 – AC Equivalent Circuit Step4 – Design of RE1 and RE2: RE = RE1 + RE2 Rout = Rc || RL = 1. 2? 101. 2+10= 1 k? r'e = 26mIE = 26mIC = 6. 5 ? AV = Routr'e+RE1 r'e+RE1= RoutAv = 1k100 = 10 ? RE1 =10 – r'e = 10 – 6. 5 = 3. 5 ? RE2 = RE – RE1 = 300 – 3. 5 = 296. 5 ? Step5 – Design of Coupling Capacitors C1 and C2: hie = Rin (base) = ? (r'e+RE1) = 100 ? (3. 5 + 6. 5) = 1 k? Rin (tot) = R1 || R2 || Rin (base) = 1116+13+11 = 716. 4 ? XC1 = Rin(tot)10 = 716. 410 = 71. 64 ? C1 = 12? fLXC1 = 12 300? 71. 64 = 7. 4  µF XC2 = RC + RL = 1. 2 + 10 = 11. k? C2 = 12? fLXC2 = 12 300? 11200 = 47. 4 nF Step6 – Design of Bypass Capacitor CE: R’S = R1 || R2 = 16. 09? 316. 09+3 = 2. 5 k? Re = RE2 ||{ R’S ? + (r'e+RE1)} = 296. 5 ||{ 2500 100+ (6. 5+3. 5)} = 296. 5? 35296. 5+35 = 31. 3 ? XCE = Re10 = 31. 310 = 3. 13 ? CE = 12? fLXCE = 12 300? 3. 13 = 169. 5  µF Av = 100 FL = 300Hz Av = 100 FL = 300Hz Figure 4 – Circuit Diagram with values Simulation Results: With CE: Mid-band gain, AV = 99. 8 Lower Cutoff Frequency, FL = 334 Hz Higher Cutoff Frequency, FH = 20. 6 MHz Bandwidth, BW = FH – FL = 20. 6 M – 334 = 20. 6 MHz Without CE: Mid-band gain, AV = 3. 5Lower Cutoff Frequency, FL = 305 Hz Higher Cutoff Frequency, FH = 46 MHz Bandwidth, BW = FH – FL = 46 M – 305 = 46 MHz (Circuit Diagram and Frequency Response are enclosed along with this report) Chapter 4 Hardware Fabrication and Testing Details: During circuit assembling process we tried to find the nearest values to the calculated ones. These are the values we used: RC = 1. 2 k? we selected1. 2 k? RE1 = 3. 5 ? we selected4. 5 ? RE2 = 296. 5 ? we selected270 ? R1 = 16 k? we selected15 k? R2 = 3 k? we selected2. 2 k? C1 = 7. 4  µF we selected10  µF C2 = 47. 4 nF we selected47 nF CE = 169. 5  µF we selected147  µF Procedure: . Assembled the circuit on a breadboard and connected a DC power supply of 12V. 2. Applied a sine wave of 10 mV amplitude and 100 Hz frequency to the input. 3. Observed the output waveform in the CRO and noted down the amplitude. 4. Increased the input signal frequency in steps, without changing its amplitude, and noted down the output amplitude at each step. 5. Calculated the voltage gain of the amplifier by the equation, AV = Vout/Vin found the voltage gain in dB by the equation, AV (dB) = 10 log (AV). 6. Plotted the frequency response curve and found the frequencies (fL and fH) for which the gain reaches 0. 07 of mid band gain. 7. Found the frequency range between fL and fH which gives the bandwidth of the amplifier. Hardware Results: With CE: Frequency (Hz)| Vout (mV)| AV| AV (dB)| log f| 100| 182| 18. 2| 25. 20| 2. 0| 500| 662| 66. 2| 36. 42| 2. 7| 1 k| 750| 75. 0| 37. 50| 3. 0| 5 k| 784| 78. 4| 37. 89| 3. 7| 10 k| 786| 78. 6| 37. 91| 4. 0| 50 k| 786| 78. 6| 37. 91| 4. 7| 100 k| 786| 78. 6| 37. 91| 5. 0| 500 k| 786| 78. 6| 37. 91| 5. 7| 1 M| 786| 78. 6| 37. 91| 6. 0| 2 M| 784| 78. 4| 37. 89| 6. 3| 5 M| 770| 77. 0| 37. 73| 6. 7| 10 M| 728| 72. 8| 37. 24| 7. 0| 50 M| 344| 34. 4| 30. 73| 7. 7| 100 M| 182| 18. 2| 25. 0| 8. 0| Mid-band gain, AV = 78. 6 Lower Cutoff Frequency, FL = 2. 6 B = 398 Hz Higher Cutoff Frequency, FH = 7. 35 B = 17. 78 MHz Bandwidth, BW = FH – FL = 17. 78 M – 398 = 17. 78 MHz Without CE: Frequency (Hz)| Vout (mV)| AV| AV (dB)| log f| 100| 12| 1. 2| 1. 58| 2. 0| 500| 32| 3. 2| 10. 10| 2. 7| 1 k| 36| 3. 6| 11. 13| 3. 0| 5 k| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 3. 7| 10 k| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 4. 0| 50 k| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 4. 7| 100 k| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 5. 0| 500 k| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 5. 7| 1 M| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 6. 0| 2 M| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 6. 3| 5 M| 38| 3. 8| 11. 60| 6. 7| 10 M| 36| 3. 6| 11. 13| 7. 0| 50 M| 26| 2. 6| 8. 0| 7. 7| 100 M| 18| 1. 8| 5. 10| 8. 0| Mid-band gain, AV = 78. 6 Lower Cutoff Frequency, FL = 2. 55 B = 356 Hz Higher Cutoff Frequency, FH = 7. 6 B = 39. 81 MHz Bandwidth, BW = FH – FL = 39. 81 M – 356 = 39. 81 MHz (Frequency responses of the circuit with and without CE are enclosed along with this report) (Frequency responses of the circuit with and without CE are enclosed along with this report) Chapter 5 Discussion and Conclusion: * First of all, there are several ways and various methods to design a common emitter amplifier or so-called RC coupled amplifier that are completely different than the one we used.We did not choose this method because it is the best method, actually, there is no such a thing called the best method. There are simple ways and there are more accurate ways. It depends on the primary assumptions, the design specifications and the thumb rules used. Simply, the method we used achieved the design requirements and accomplished desired results. * An Amplifier is a circuit that is capable of amplifying signals applied to its input terminal. The main component in any amplifier circuit is usually a transistor.Since the transistor configuration we used is a common emitter configuration, the circuit is called a Common Emitter Amplifier. Unlike other configurat ions, CE amplifier exhibit high voltage gain and high current gain. Generally, the process of a common emitter amplifier can be explained in three steps. First, the AC input signal produces an AC base current. Then, This AC base current will produce a much larger AC collector current since IC=? IB. After that, The AC collector current produces an AC voltage across the load resistor RL, thus producing an amplified, but inverted, reproduction of the AC input voltage. To use a transistor as an amplifier it should be operated in the active region (linear region). To set a transistor in the active region both junctions, Emitter-Base junction and Base-Collector junction, should be forward biased. Since changes in in temperature and other factors during the amplification process may drive the transistor into the cutoff or the saturation region, the Q-point should be in the middle of the active region to enhance the stability of the amplifier. * We preferred using a voltage divider bias cir cuit over other biasing circuits because in this kind of biasing circuits, IC is independent of ? nd therefore the Q-point is more stable. Voltage divider bias circuit is widely used because of the good stability reached with a single power supply. * C1 and C2 are called coupling capacitors. They pass ac from one side to another and block dc from appearing at the output side. In addition to that, C1 act as a high pass filter on the input signal and its value must be chosen so that it does not attenuate the frequencies which are to be amplified. Similarly, C2 also must be prevented from attenuating the output signal. * The bypass capacitor CE provides an effective short to the ac signal round the emitter resistor RE2, thus keeping only RE1 seen by the ac signal between the emitter and ground. Therefore, with the bypass capacitor, the gain of the amplifier is maximum and equal to AV=Routr'e+RE1 . Without the bypass capacitor, both RE1 and RE2 are seen by the ac signal between the emit ter and ground and effectively add to r'e in the voltage gain formula. Hence, AV=Routr'e+RE1+RE2 . * r'e is a dynamic resistor that depends on temperature. If AV was dependent only on r'e, and RE1 was not there (i. e. AV=Routr'e ), AV will be unstable over changes in temperature because when r'e increases, the gain decreases and vice versa.In order to minimize the effect of r'e without reducing the voltage gain to its minimum value we partially bypassed the total emitter resistance RE. This is known as swamping which is a compromise between having a bypass capacitor across RE and not having a bypass capacitor at all. RE1 should be at least ten times greater than r'e to minimize the effect of it. In our design RE1 is less than r'e and hence it will not do anything other than slightly reducing the gain to be about 100. In other words, in our design RE1 is somehow useless. * At lower frequencies, a capacitor will act as an open circuit.At higher frequencies, a capacitor will act as a s hort circuit. That is because the capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to the frequency (XC=1/2? fC). In an RC coupled amplifier circuits, at lower frequencies, more voltage drops across C1 and C2 because their reactance is very high. This higher signal voltage drop reduces the voltage gain of the amplifier. Similarly, at lower frequencies, the reactance of the bypass capacitor (CE) increases and this reactance in parallel with RE1 create an impedance that reduces the voltage gain.This is why RC coupled amplifier circuits have less voltage gain at lower frequencies than they have at higher frequencies. However, at higher frequencies, the reactance of the internal transistor junction capacitance goes down and when it becomes small enough, a portion of the output signal voltage is fed back out of phase with the input, thus effectively reducing the voltage gain. * Our hardware implementation results and simulation results were different. Obviously, that is because we did not find the exact values for our design. There was a notable difference between the design values and the values we have selected, especially for R2.The cutoff frequency (fL=398 Hz) is somehow acceptable but the mid band gain (AV=78. 6) is a little bit less than the desired one. Increasing the value of R2 could have solved the problem. It could have increased the voltage gain and reduced the cutoff frequency. * One of the aims of the design is to have an adjustable volume control. There are several ways to do this. One of them, and I think it’s the best, is by using a variable resistor in place of RE1 (i. e. a 100 ? variable resistor). Basically, this resistor is inversely proportional to the voltage gain (AV=Routr'e+RE1 ).Reducing the value of RE1 will increase the voltage gain, thereby increasing the volume and vice versa. References: 1. Theodore F. Bogart, Jefferey S. Beasley and Guilermo Rico (2004). Electronic Devices and Circuits. India: Pearson Education, Inc. 2. Thomas L . Floyd (2005). Electronic Devices. 7th ed. India: Pearson Education, Inc. 3. HyperPhysics  (2004)  Common Emitter Amplifier,[online] Available at: http://hyperphysics. phy-astr. gsu. edu/hbase/electronic/npnce. html [Accessed: 20th Nov 2011]. 4. Scribd  (2006)  Common Emitter Amplifier,  [online] Available at: http://www. cribd. com/doc/27767944/Common-Emitter-Amplifier [Accessed: 25th Nov 2011]. 5. Visionics  (2005)  RC Coupled Amplifier,  [online] Available at: http://www. visionics. ee/curriculum/Experiments/RC%20Ampr/RC%20Coupled%20Amplifier1. html [Accessed: 1st Nov 2011]. 6. SSIT  (2006)  Analog Electronic Circuits,  [online] Available at: http://www. ssit. edu. in/dept/assignment/aeclabmanual. pdf [Accessed: 5th Nov 2011]. 7. Edutalks  (2007)  RC Coupled Amplifier,  [online] Available at: http://www. edutalks. org/electronics%20lab%20manual%201. pdf [Accessed: 7th Nov 2011].

Acme Garage

The purpose of this report is to analyze the current structure of the system used by Acme Garage to maintain the stock, purchase, vendor and transaction details and provide the updated structure with new proposed solution. This new solution can help Acme Garage to implement a single point of contact for all kind of transaction instead of using manual books for maintain job details and access database for customer and vendor details. Acme Garage is using Job books to maintain the details for certain job with all parts details that are used in the job with the customer linked to this. Maintaining the historical data of these kind of job books is not easy. Maintaining the excel for stock is not a good idea with orders in a filing cabinet. We have provided the report with the details which are presented below:   Acme Garage is a car repair company that have 2 major section administrative and mechanics section. Kim is working in office and maintain all order, jobs, customer and stock data in different form i.e. database, excel and manual copies. Bill and ben works as mechanics in the garage and record the job data on paper with the parts used in job and labor charges. Key issues of the current system are as below: The current system is used by Kim who have understanding of computer as she used excel to maintain stock and customer and vendor access database to create, retrieve and update ,delete the data. It is easier to create the application that can use the existing customer and supplier data in backend and create new tables to store rest of data. In this we have provided the present system that will get used by Kim who will have complete understanding the PC as they will get used the excel sheet for maintaining the client and stock and access the vendor the database for accessing for deleting, updating, retrieving and creating.  Ã‚   After analyze the current system it observed that stock management process should be automate and customer and supplier database should be in a single database. Order data also be integrate with this system. Based on the new proposed system below are the ER Diagram, class diagram and DFD   Below is the class diagram which was created with the help of tables that were used in this project: Below is the updated DFD which was created with the new details of the class diagram and we have provided the relationship also:   Below is the modeling for the data that is based on the diagram of the ER and we have provided the relationship among both of them: As per the new proposed system I have identified below tables with their primary and foreign keys. Below I have provided all the table names and their data types with the foreign and primary keys:   Acme Garage needs to implement a new system to manage all transactions related to customer, supplier and job. Based on the requirements below are the functional and Non-functional requirements. Programming prerequisites determination sets up the premise for an understanding amongst clients and contractual workers or suppliers (in business sector driven undertakings, these parts might be played by the promoting and advancement divisions) on what the product item is to do and in addition what it is not anticipated that would do. Programming prerequisites particular allows a thorough appraisal of necessities before outline can start and lessens later overhaul. It ought to likewise give a reasonable premise to evaluating item costs, dangers, and calendars Functional Requirements: Most necessities definition concentrates for the most part on practical prerequisites, which are based upon the normal working of the item or framework to be made. Working regularly is compared with item/framework highlights for which you may have a menu or catch decision, for example, recognize a client, select a thing to arrange, and compute the sum due. Non-functional Requirements: Nonfunctional necessities allude to an entire slew (I've distinguished more than 30) of qualities including execution levels, security, and the different "ilities, for example, convenience, dependability, and accessibility. Constantly, prerequisites definers get wrapped up in how the item/framework is relied upon to work and dismiss these additional components. In the above we have provided both the requirements that are non-functional and functional those are used in the system.   The proposed business solution have captured the information of customer, supplier and JOB. The new system is designed in such a way that it would be able to cater below functions from UI. Below we have provided the details of the UI that can be used for the solution of the proposed business and also the reports that are used in the UI so that we will have all the details at one place.  Ã‚   The new system required some cost to be implement below is the cost calculations Total time required to implement is about 500 hours at a rate of 120$ so final cost will be 60000$. Project is viable as the cost can be recovered within a years’ time so that the project will delivered successful. Here, we have explained the feasibility and also the cost and time that are needed for the execution of the project. By looking at that we will have all the details which will used in the project.   This project can be implemented in 2 modes I choose to prefer 2 nd option to implement the solution so that KIM can access the system from anywhere and also customer and suppliers can also be access the system and setting the data and making and receiving the payment from online system. We have described about both the 2 modes in the above which can be used in the project. Further maintenance is required for the above proposed solution as this system runs over internet so below could be the maintenance requirements Acme is using manual data entry in excels and paper work with some data in database so chances of mistakes can be higher and duplicating the data is another major concerns. This new system help them in getting the correct and real time view of stock and help them in generating more revenue and interacting with suppliers and customer on daily basis. So, here we have provided the revised DFD and all the updated tables with their primary keys and types of data so that we can distinguish between older and new version. Looking for an answer 'who will do my essay for cheap',

Media reaction paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Media reaction paper - Essay Example The media have also joined the debate, actually taking sides although in a more discreet manner in line with its vow of upholding objectivity. The analysis that the U.S. media is far from being objective because it can be broken down into the liberal and conservative camps has only become more evident in its handling of the issue. Even as journalists try to present news on the issue in the most balanced and objective manner, they still could not avoid showing their bias. One media piece, an article written by David Fitzsimmons titled U.S. Must Enact Immigration Reform Now, which was published in Statesman Journal, is a rare example of how the issue can actually be handled in a manner that can be considered fair and balanced despite the author showing ultimately his personal stand. The article Fitzsimmons wrote is a response to the approval of the Arizona Legislature of a bill that would introduce reforms in the state’s immigration policy. The article begins with a brief backgr ound of events prior to the passing of the bill, SB 1070, in a news-like writing manner. After such short description, Fitzsimmons then starts to lay down his analysis on the issue when he writes that â€Å"state lawmakers were so fed up with the federal government's inconsistent, inadequate immigration enforcement that they took the issue into their own hands† (29 July, 2010). Based on this analysis, Fitzsimmons then expressed agreement with the measures approved by the Arizona Legislature, including the concepts behind these such as the enforcement of stricter policies against employers who wittingly know that they are hiring illegal immigrants. However, Fitzsimmons does not stop here and, as a consequence, prevents the reader to immediately conclude that the author is all-out in his support of a crackdown policy on illegal immigrants and their support machinery. Instead, he also expresses apprehensions over the enforcement of the new immigration law in the state. He worrie s that â€Å"the law will foster discrimination against Latinos — creating the wrong presumption that ‘if you look Hispanic, you must be here illegally’ — even though the law's supporters vow that won't happen† (Fitzsimmons, 29 July, 2010). In the end, Fitzsimmons points out that while there may be negative aspects in the presence of illegal immigrants, there are also positive ones. While he attempts to present an unbiased analysis in this part, he errs in using the term ‘illegal immigrants.’ Apparently, what he means is not just the illegal ones but also the legal immigrants as well. It is not just the illegal immigrants but also the legal ones who contribute to the economy as employees, consumers, and tax-payers. It is also not just the illegal immigrants who â€Å"consume tax dollars† as they avail of public education, healthcare, and the welfare system. Fitzsimmons then proceeds to push for certain measures that do not really drive the immigrants off Arizona’s borders but just process them more efficiently so they can be legalized. What makes Fitzsimmons perspective rare though is that he also proposes that helping the immigrants within the border is the solution. He proposes that in order to solve the heavy influx of immigrants, it is necessary for Arizona

Analysing specific financial issues in Oxford Instruments PLC Essay

Analysing specific financial issues in Oxford Instruments PLC - Essay Example The company has a vision to actually turn smart science into viable and affordable commercial products which can be easily available to the target market. It is involved in the development of sophisticated The company started as a small company manufacturing magnets used in the scientific research however, over the period of time, company grew and become one of the most important players in the market. Its history also suggests that it was the first spin-off from the Oxford University and was the first venture which was successfully launched from Oxford University. This paper will explore the financial performance of the Oxford Instruments Plc with special reference to how stock markets are related with the public limited companies and their performance, relationship between the investor values and financial performance of the firm, the gearing level and issue of debt to the investors besides summarizing the overall things with special reference to the limitations of the ratio analysis. There are different methods under which an organization can actually raise money and utilize those funds for the expansion and development of business. One of the key methods of having funds is to basically borrow from the banks, financial institutions or through issuing debt to the investors. Debt or the money borrowed by the companies however, have to be paid repaid along with the interest rates to the debt holders i.e. the persons who actually buy the debt and expect to be repaid with their original principal amount and the interest. Secondly, however, firms can also raise money by selling their equity on the stock markets. A firm, when issuing stocks for the first time to raise money, enters into what is called primary issue of stock listing. Primary issue is basically when the firm sells its stocks for the first time at the price they decide to set whereas secondary selling of the stock market takes place

Company financial accounting and reporting is regulated by a variety Essay

Company financial accounting and reporting is regulated by a variety of sources - Essay Example All the listed companies were asked to follow these accounting standards for maintaining their accounting transaction and developing financial reports. These accounting standards were introduced to enhance credibility and reliability of the financial statement developed by the listed companies of a nation. These accounting standards assisted the accountants and auditors to resolve different controversies related to different accounting practices. Even the managers consider these accounting policies while developing various strategies and policies to be followed by the company. Like other developed nation, the accounting standards were formulated in UK in early 1980s. People identified the necessity of a well structured accounting standard that assures â€Å"relevance, reliability, comparability and understand-ability† in the financial report that is developed by the listed companies (Kirk, 2005, p.9). In UK, the accounting standards are popularly known as Financial Reporting Standards (FRS). These FRS were developed by Accounting Standards Boards (ASB) and all the listed companies are required to adhere to these standards so that a true and fair picture of the companies’ financial condition can be represented. Prior to 1990, the accounting standards were developed by Accounting Standards Committee (ASC) which was later replaced with Accounting Standards Boards (ASB). In the first meeting of ASB, it formally accepted all the accounting standards prevailing in UK GAAP. With time, this board introduced few new standards and modified many existing standards. In UK, the four main constituents responsible for development and maintenance of accounting standards are Financial Reporting council (FRC), The Accounting Standards Board (ASB), Urgent Issues Task Force (UITF) and The Financial Reporting Review Panel (FRRP). FRC is